The Federal Authority for Identity, Citizenship, Customs and Port Security (ICP), formerly known as ICA, is the UAE federal body responsible for population identity, naturalisation, residency, passports, and border and ports security. It runs the national identity register and issues the Emirates ID.
For residents in most emirates (Abu Dhabi, Sharjah, Ajman, and the others), entry permits, residence-visa issuance and renewal, and status changes are processed through ICP's smart services portal and app. Dubai handles its own residency files through the separate GDRFA, so which authority you deal with depends on the emirate sponsoring your visa.
Typical ICP transactions include applying for or renewing a residence visa, sponsoring family, checking visa status, and renewing the Emirates ID. Fees and processing times vary by service and category, so confirm current details on the official portal before applying.