The Ministry of Human Resources and Emiratisation (MOHRE) is the UAE federal ministry that governs private-sector employment. It issues work permits and labour cards, registers employment contracts, sets wage-protection rules, and oversees Emiratisation targets for hiring UAE nationals.
For most private-sector employees, MOHRE is the authority behind the work permit and labour contract that sit alongside the residence visa issued by ICP or GDRFA. Workers use MOHRE channels to check their contract details, file complaints over unpaid wages, gratuity, or arbitrary dismissal, and raise labour disputes.
Note that free-zone employees are usually regulated by their free-zone authority rather than MOHRE. Specific fees, penalties, and procedures change over time, so confirm current rules on the official MOHRE channels.